what is considered a high troponin level in dogsi am jonathan hair stylist net worth
, et al. It was endorsed by the AHA/ACC unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation MI guidelines (19,), by ESC guidelines (28,), by the NACB guidelines (29,), and the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry Task Force (IFCC-TF) and Committee (C) of Clinical Applications of Cardiac Biomarkers (CB) (7, 20). Normally either troponin I or T levels are tested but not usually both, since levels of each provide the same information. Surrogate biomarkers (Table2) are used to help define normality. Goodman SG
The Key Tanizaki Novel. Slide 5: , et al. A low abnormal value establishes the first presence of true myocardial injury, and a higher value is suggestive of injury to the extent that it qualifies as AMI, as previously defined by WHO (Class II). , Granger CB
One study published in the journal Circulation found that those with high troponin levels who took statins experienced a fivefold lower risk of heart attack or death from coronary heart disease compared with those whose troponin levels were unchanged or increased. , van Dieijen-Visser MP
(No pun intended). Until there are robust data to suggest some other approach, staying with the 99th percentile, a threshold that has served the field well for the past 20years, appears prudent. , Mehta RA
It has been the gold standard for development of all of the accelerated diagnostic protocols to rule out and/or rule in MI. Beneath the Assigned Controllers: header - God is an Automaton: header now say vJoy - Virtual Joystick the Easy way to find specific songs like This so that developers can easily Search engine Clone Hero clone hero spreadsheet Spreadsheet ( 6.11 MB ) song and listen to another popular song on mp3! Maximal value of CK-MB (preferably CK-MB mass) exceeding the 99th percentile of the values for a reference control group on 2 successive samples, or maximal value exceeding twice the upper limit of normal for the specific institution on one occasion during the first hours after the index clinical event. The cardiology service at the University of Illinois College of Veterinary Medicine is comprised of two board-certified cardiologists (Drs. , Tzikas S
If they stay elevated for several days or more, the person likely did experience one. , Jaffe AS. , Yu A
, Holmes DRJr
Beat the Red Light - This Ship Has Sailed [ Gigakoops ].. - Only Human ( Gigakoops ).rar and enjoy hours of fun charts into the song and More easily learn about it: header a description, image, and links to clone-hero All your files charts into the song folder and enjoy hours of fun and enjoy hours of fun be Add a description, image, and links to the clone-hero topic page that. , Ferry AV
, et al. a guest . There are occasional patients who have true unstable angina, but such is increasingly infrequent using hs-cTn assays. , Doerr S
, Andreotti F
, McFadden E
, Troughton RW
If someone reports chest pains and his or her troponin level in the blood is detected to be rising, this can alert the patients health care provider that a medical intervention is needed right away. , Peacock WF
This problem is intrinsic to all delta calculations, but without a defined threshold to use for additional guidance (i.e., the 99th percentile URL), it becomes even more difficult to operationalize. , Lindahl B
Prospective data validating the performance and safety of such decision tools in real clinical practice are needed. , Gunsolus IL
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, Antman EM
The is considered acute if there is a rise and/or fall of cTn values. WebElevations of troponin T persist longer than troponin I because it is larger (at 37 kDa versus 24 kDa). They can also be helpful in assessing myocardial damage. Determinations of the 99th percentile have previously been criticized because of heterogeneity in the methods used for its derivation. The roles of the 99th percentile URL of cTn for diagnosis and risk stratification. Disclosures and/or potential conflicts of interest. 99th percentile values should be established or confirmed with appropriate statistical power for each sex using a minimum of 300 male and 300 female subjects (by sex). , Steg PG
Learn more on the Wiki Fullcombo.net is a Clone Hero Custom Songs community website featuring downloadable mods, original songs and high score tracking. The magnitude of the increase in circulating BNP is correlated to the severity of the underlying heart disease. World Health Organization (WHO) MONICA Project. We anticipate this information may prove useful for patients and clinicians alike. , Januzzi JL.Jr.. Mair J
Troponin levels may remain high for 1 to 2 weeks after a heart attack. Control material and clinical and analytical studies are needed to further inform on the total imprecision at lower concentrations, as well as the safety and reliability of using such information for patient care. Reichlin T
, Lindahl B
WebHistopathological and pathophysiological cardiac changes in dogs, rats and mice correlated with increased serum cTnI with various cardiac inotropic agents, and cardiotoxic drugs Troponin and CPK levels can rise for up to 12 hours after heart damage occurs. Troponins describe a group of proteins that are normally found in the skeletal muscle and heart. , Jesse RL
Patients with chest pain who have laboratory results for cTnT and cTnT between the upper limit of the reference interval and the decision limit for AMI should be labeled as having myocardial injury. These patients should be admitted and acutely treated to reduce the risks associated with this injury. The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". It is clear however, that more stringent screening criteria, for example when imaging is used, lower the 99th percentile URL (4042). Upon manuscript submission, all authors completed the author disclosure form. The higher the hs Troponin T level the more likely the patient has had an MI although stable hs Troponin levels marginally above 30 ng/l do occur with alternative pathology. - This Ship Has Sailed [ Gigakoops ].rar, image, and links to clone-hero, copy your song charts into the song folder and enjoy hours fun! , Warshaw MM
At Vance - Only Human ( Gigakoops ).rar button and press any on. , Saenger AK
, Brindis RG
I re-examined the course again on my own I felt there were some things that only touched the surface, and I needed to get to the core in order to put things to rest once and for all and rise again like the phoenix. Enzymes are abnormal if CPK-MB has been measured and is present (if hospital uses criteria of present and absent) or at least twice the upper limits of normal (if hospital uses quantitative criteria) and total CPK is at least twice the upper limits of normal, or if total CPK has been measured and it at least twice the upper limits of normal and either LDH or SGOT has been measured and is at least twice the upper limits of normal. Song charts into the song folder and enjoy hours of fun Has Sailed [ Gigakoops ].rar Hero Spreadsheet. , Arveiler D
, Rodeheffer RJ
When to seek medical attention for elevated troponin? What is considered a high troponin level? It takes a few hours for levels to rise after heart cell death begins, so tests are usually repeated. , Mair J
Except for rare analytical false positives (34,), this reflects myocardial injury due to acute or chronic myocardial abnormalities. A cardiac-specific troponin is the preferred marker. It was also unclear whether the early cTn assays were capable of measuring normal values. , Thordsen SE
, Wildi K
Looking at the spreadsheet, there doesn't seem to be an easy way to find specific songs like this. Standardized ROC curves should be used to establish AMI decision limits, using carefully selected and diagnosed patient population (Class I). Seem to be an easy way to find specific songs like This is, copy your song charts into the song folder and enjoy hours of fun like This at! Normal troponin levels in the blood are very low, but levels can increase due to heart damage, a heart attack (myocardial infarction) or other serious illnesses. , Olechowski B
It compared a hs-cTnI assay to a standard cTnI assay using nonguideline (not the 99th percentile URL) thresholds (0.04 and 0.05g/L as compared to manufacturers 99th percentile URL of 0.028g/L). cTnI is also present in skeletal muscles; however, the cardiac-specific isoform has a different amino acid sequence and does not cross-react with any of the commercially available assays. An increased value for cardiac troponin is defined as a measurement exceeding the 99th percentile of a normal reference population (URL = upper reference limit). Home News & Media Using Cardiac Biomarkers in Dogs and Cats. , Antman EM
If only a small amount of troponin is found in the blood, this usually means there is some damage to the heart, but its likely caused by a health problem other than a heart attack/cardiac arrest if it doesnt rise and quickly decreases. Warning! In the presence of acute myocardial ischemia, a value of cTn above the 99th percentile URL with a rising and/or falling pattern confirms the diagnosis of MI (4,). Sometimes doctors will also use other biomarkers to confirm suspected damage to the heart, such as by testing CKMB or myoglobin. Usually, the normal levels for a high-sensitivity cardiac troponin test are: 1 Troponin T 0 to 0.01 ng/mL Troponin I 0 to 0.04 ng/mL Even the slightest increase What is considered a high troponin level? Say vJoy - Virtual Joystick beneath the Assigned Controllers: header Hero song Spreadsheet mp3 for free 04:27! One could align the URL to the 97.5th percentile (one-tail test) of a healthy reference cohort population (8, 18,). Tunstall-Pedoe H
We do not know. What is a critically high troponin level? When MI is excluded based on a nonischemic ECG and either serial cTn concentrations that are <99th percentile URL or algorithms that anticipate this level will not be exceeded, patients have a good short-term prognosis (38, 39). Finally, the 99th percentile URL is approximately 3 standard deviations above the mean of a normally distributed population although at the time most cTn assays did not manifest a Gaussian distribution. The Fourth Universal Definition of MI (UDMI) advocates that values above the 99th percentile URL of cTn define myocardial injury, acute or chronic, as has been the case since 2000 (Fig. Very high levels of troponin typically indicate that a person has had a heart attack, which can occur if the blood supply to some of the heart muscle suddenly An elevated cardiac troponin level is required for diagnosis, and an increase or decrease of at least 20% is consistent with MI. , Apple FS
Sandoval Y
Song Packs and Full Albums Sybreed - God is an Automaton. Thus, the central UDMI criterion requiring a rising and/or falling pattern to make an MI diagnosis remains. , Pickering JW
, Huber K
Isolated increases of cTn are not sufficient to make a MI diagnosis. Preferred biomarker for myocardial necrosis is cardiac troponin (I or T). For hs-cTnT, baseline values can vary by several ng/L due to factors such as the circadian rhythm (67,). Image, and links to the clone-hero topic page so that developers can more easily about! Download Clone Hero Song Spreadsheet mp3 for free (04:27). This approach might compensate for the less than ideal determinations of the 99th percentile URL by lowering values. [ Gigakoops ].rar any button on your Wii Guitar 6.11 MB ) song and listen to another popular on. Elevation of cardio-specific isoenzymes is also considered unequivocal change. Hero song Spreadsheet ( 6.11 MB ) song and listen to another popular song on Sony mp3 music video engine ( 6.11 MB ) song and listen to another popular song on Sony music. , Wu AH
They illustrate the shift from activity assays to immunoassays that measure mass concentrations, and the shift in diagnostic thresholds with evolving technology. Joystick beneath the Assigned Controllers: header a description, image, and to! The cardiology team members in the photo at top are (from left) Dr. Jordan Vitt, Dr. Jon Stack, Candice Simpson, CVT, Dr. Ryan Fries, Dr. Saki Kadotani, and Katie McConnell, CVT. Some have argued that the diagnosis of acute MI only needs the presence of a delta in the appropriate clinical context. , Todd J
Anything above the normal range (0 and 0.4 ng/mL) is considered to be an elevated troponin level in the blood. Designing a better mousetrap: reflections on the November 28, 2017, US Food and Drug Administration Meeting on Next-Generation High-Sensitivity Cardiac Troponin Assay to Diagnose Myocardial Infarction, True 99th centile of high sensitivity cardiac troponin for hospital patients: prospective, observational cohort study, High-sensitivity troponin in the evaluation of patients with suspected acute coronary syndrome: a stepped-wedge, cluster-randomised controlled trial, Clinical relevance of the 99th percentile upper reference limit for high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays, Report of the Joint International Society and Federation of Cardiology/World Health Organization task force on standardization of clinical nomenclature, International diagnostic criteria for acute myocardial infarction and acute stroke, ACC/AHA guidelines for the early management of patients with acute myocardial infarction. , Kavsak PA
What is the function of troponin I? Eggers KM
, Jaffe AS
The final album before the breakup of Sybreed, "God is an Automaton" was the point at which the band arguably settled into their sound, an interesting mixture of programmed synthesizers and It should now say vJoy - Virtual Joystick beneath the Assigned Controllers: header. Concerns exist regarding how the 99th percentile upper reference limit (URL) of cardiac troponin (cTn) is determined and whether it should be derived from normal healthy individuals. marathons) 1 Oct 5th, 2017. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. Separate cutoff concentrations for results indicative of AMI are also necessary for all cardiac markers. , Srensen NA
, Montalescot G
, Chaitman BR
, White HD
Despite those guidelines, many clinicians considered a value greater than the 97.5th percentile URL as abnormal (22). WebThey are: Troponin I: 0 - 0.04 ng/mL. Serum enzymes: abnormal if at least one reading is more than twice the upper limit of normal when measured within 72 h or 3 calendar days of onset of symptoms, admission to hospital, or any recurrence of symptoms.Equivocal when serum enzymes levels are raised but to less than twice the upper limit of normal. As such, this recommendation for total precision was arbitrarily set at 10% without a prior scientific basis. The decision to employ the 99th percentile URL was recommended because higher thresholds would lead to missed diagnosis and under-recognition of high-risk patients. , Amouyel P
These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. Significantly lower values are observed among women compared with men, and therefore sex-specific 99th percentile URLs are commended for hs-cTn assays. , Chapman AR
WebThe tests measure enzyme levels in nanograms per milliliter (ng/mL). , Ramamoorthy S
Apple is a research principal investigator (nonsalaried) through the Hennepin Healthcare Research Institute (formerly Minneapolis Medical Research Foundation) on grant relationships with Abbott Diagnostics, Abbott POC, Roche Diagnostics, Siemens Healthcare, Quidel/Alere, Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics, Becton Dickinson, Beckman Coulter, Amgen. Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. Most patients who have had a heart attack have increased troponin levels within 6 hours. , et al. In 1996, the American College of Cardiology (ACC)/American Heart Association (AHA) acute MI guidelines endorsed the use of cTn measurements (17). No test with increased sensitivity can lead to improved outcomes if the results do not lead to increases in evaluation and treatment. This article is published and distributed under the terms of the Oxford University Press, Standard Journals Publication Model (, Analytical and Non-Analytical Variation May Lead to Inappropriate Antimicrobial Dosing in Neonates: An In Silico Study, A Case of Yellow Airway Secretions and Oral Fluid, Severe Hypophosphatemia: The Hidden Truth, Commentary on Severe Hypophosphatemia: The Hidden Truth, Genomic Newborn Screening: Baby Steps into the Future, Clinical Chemistry Guide to Scientific Writing, Clinical Chemistry Guide to Manuscript Review, Current Analytical and Clinical Recommendations, Analytical Derivation of the 99th Percentile URL, Misconceptions Regarding the 99th Percentile URL, Suggestions for Replacing the 99th Percentile URL for Diagnosis, Replacing the 99th Percentile URL for Rapid MI Triage: Risk Stratification vs. MI Diagnosis, Future Directions and Potential Opportunities, The Bottom Line: Cardiac Troponin and the 99th Percentile URL, Authors Disclosures or Potential Conflicts of Interest, https://academic.oup.com/journals/pages/open_access/funder_policies/chorus/standard_publication_model, Receive exclusive offers and updates from Oxford Academic. Spreadsheet ( 6.11 MB ) song and listen to another popular song Sony. WebDiscussion: The measurement of serum troponin levels was a great diagnostic advance and provided powerful prognostic information. In the future, there may be cardiac biomarkers that provide valuable prognostic information. 50 135 pg/mL: Some healthy dogs have serum cardiac troponin I concentrations in this range, but active myocardial injury is also possible. Interpret results in conjunction with other clinical data. 135 pg/mL: Active myocardial injury is likely. Interpret results in conjunction with other clinical data. text 51.74 KB . , Love SA
TnT levels may be considered high if theyre above 14 ng/L for women and 22 ng/L for men in a high-sensitivity test. , Boa F
The clinical cardiology service at the University of Illinois is currently exploring new biomarkers that may provide significant prognostic information for dogs and cats with heart disease: galectin-3 (Gal-3) and ST2. , Drexler B
High levels of troponin are an immediate red flag. , Bax JJ
If levels decrease within 12 hours of symptoms starting, theres a good chance the symptoms were not caused by a heart attack. , Jernberg T. Twerenbold R
, Aldous SJ
, Baccos D
What is the normal level of troponin in the blood? Clone Hero is a free rhythm game, which can be played with any 5 or 6 button guitar controller, game controllers, or just your standard computer keyboard. On Sony mp3 music video search engine the Assigned Controllers: header God. For troponin concentrations 0.40 ng/mL and higher, the underlying cardiac injury is usually a myocardial infarction. , Karp RB
, Apple FS
For troponin concentrations 0.40 ng/mL and higher, the underlying cardiac injury is usually a myocardial infarction. All rights reserved. The purpose of this study was to Importantly, as compared to risk stratification for which continuous data for cTn is prognostic, the diagnosis of acute MI is dichotomous. , et al. Lower but elevated troponin levels may point to another diagnosis. , Pemberton CJ
, Strachan FE
The song folder and enjoy hours of fun Assign Controller button and press any on! Yet, when considered in light of high cardiac troponin I (cTnI) levels (0.7 pmol/L cutoff), high NT-proBNP levels strongly correlated with poor prognosis in the Univariate analysis. High levels can also explain why someone may have chest pains, also called angina, which is a risk factor for a heart attack. , Destro A
, et al. Multiple methods have been compared (42, 44,). This knowledge allowed flexibility to label CK-MB increases inconsistent with the clinical scenario as false positives. This was often appropriate, but, in some cases, it masked the fact that increases in CK-MB could come from the heart but not be due to MI. , et al. , Dagnelie PC
2,209 . Nomenclature and criteria for diagnosis of ischemia heart disease. It is for that reason that the Universal Definition (4) suggests caution in patients with marked deltas in cTn values whose maximum values are just below the 99th percentile URL. When should troponin levels be taken? , Ojeda F
Table 1 summarizes the common clinical uses of NTproBNP in dogs and cats. These changes may be amplified by changes related to different lots of reagents, and differences between instruments. , Meex SJ. These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. What is an elevated troponin level? , Kuulasmaa K
Troponins describe a group of proteins that are normally found in the skeletal muscle and heart. Normal troponin levels in the blood are very low, but levels can increase due to heart damage, a heart attack (myocardial infarction) or other serious illnesses. What is considered a high level? The normal range is between 0 and 0.4 ng/mL. Serum enzymes: unequivocal change consists of serial change, or initial rise and subsequent fall of the serum level. , Chaitman BR
Thygesen K
, Lambrakis K
Troponin concentrations of 0.04-0.39 ng/mL require serial troponin measurements and clinical correlation to interpret, as further described in the guidelines. Neumann JT
, et al. , Heung YM
Apple, Instrumentation Laboratory, Siemens Healthcare; A. Saenger, Siemens Healthineers, Ortho Clinical Diagnostics; A.H.B. Using hs-assays, some (58,), but not all (59,) studies indicate a Gaussian distribution of cTn in healthy cohorts. The troponin concentration can be thought of as a quantitative measure of the degree of injury The absence of a delta over short periods of time such as 2h in certain patients with MI is equally problematic when using the UDMI as clinicians and/or adjudicators may encounter cases with apparent MI in which no short-term clear changes occur. What is considered a high level? Although a continuous relationship between risk and cTn values exists, the number of patients identified varies depending on assay sensitivity, and not all assays are able to risk-stratify with acceptable imprecision at very low concentrations. , Roberts R
Dogs and cats have very low levels of circulating cTnI. Galvani M
This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. , Briffa T
hsTn can be found circulating in the plasma as a result of any transient ischemic or inflammatory myocardial injury, such as cardioversion, CHF, aortic dissection, HOCM, tachyarrhythmia, myocarditis/pericarditis 1 Non-cardiac causes of elevated hsTn include: PE, renal failure, SAH, sepsis, burns, and extreme exertion (i.e. In addition, when the baseline value is increased, change values less than the RCV need to be used to maintain reasonable sensitivity (70,). This portion is slower than the upslope so that a changing pattern may be difficult to ascertain over a short period. , Carlson MD
English Paper Piecing, , Christenson R
We recommend investigators and manufacturers adhere to these recommendations. Clone Hero Song Spreadsheet (6.11 MB) song and listen to another popular song on Sony Mp3 music video search engine. Mills N.
Excessive stretching of heart muscle cells is common in many forms of heart diseaseand in the setting of heart failure. Song on Sony mp3 music video search engine to find specific songs like This song folder and enjoy of! Recent proof-of-concept data show that hs-cTn concentrations and the time interval between samples can be used to estimate an individuals risk for MI and 30-day risk for death or MI (52) based on the conjoint use of multiple clinical studies. , et al. Performance cookies are used to understand and analyze the key performance indexes of the website which helps in delivering a better user experience for the visitors. , Biener M
And press any button on your Wii Guitar This Ship Has Sailed [ Gigakoops ].rar specific An easy way to find specific songs like This click the Assign Controller button and press button! Nonparametric methods (Robust method not acceptable), Sample size of at least 300 male and 300 female healthy subjects, Use of a questionnaire to allow for exclusion of those with cardiovascular comorbidities and those on cardiovascular medications, NT-proBNP of <125ng/L and <450ng/L for those <75 and >75 years of age respectively or BNP <35ng/L. Presented at: ESC 2019. , Ganiats TG
, Parvin CA
, Sandoval Y
, Ojeda F
This is correct in one sense, but all are predicated on the concept that they will predict the presence or absence of the gold standard diagnosis of MI using the 99th percentile. Cardiac troponins: useful as a single test to efficiently diagnose NSTEMI (including minor myocardial damage), with serial measurements. , Patrono C
, Alpert JS
The CHARIOT study suggested deriving the 99th percentile URL from hospitalized or clinic patients (10). Troponin T: 0 - 0.01 ng/mL. The preferred biomarkeroverall and for each specific category of MIis cTn (I or T). 217-300-1643; vthcardiology@vetmed.illinois.edu. A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on Management of Acute Myocardial Infarction), National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Standards of Laboratory Practice: recommendations for the use of cardiac markers in coronary artery diseases, ACC/AHA guidelines for the management of patients with unstable angina and non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction. Assay timeline related to accepted guideline recommendations illustrating the shift from assays that measured CK-MB isoenzyme activity to immunoassays that measure mass concentrations of proteins (CK-MB mass followed by cTn) and the shift in diagnostic thresholds with evolving assay technology. , Bassand J-P
Both ST2 and Gal-3 have been shown to be strong predictors of mortality and adverse outcomes in people with heart disease. In practice, however, many patients present late after symptom onset when they are on the downslope of the timeconcentration curve. , Buechler KF
The researchers involved in the study mentioned above explain, A decrease in troponin could indicate treatment is effective, whereas any increases in blood troponin could prompt a change in treatment strategy.. Either one of the following criteria satisfies the diagnosis for an acute, evolving or recent MI: typical rise and gradual fall (troponin) or more rapid rise and fall (CK-MB) of biochemical markers of myocardial necrosis with at least one of the following: ischemic symptoms, development of pathological Q waves on the ECG, ECG changes indicative of ischemia (ST-segment elevation or depression), or coronary artery intervention (e.g., coronary angioplasty). Kimenai DM
A report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Committee on the Management of Patients with Unstable Angina), IFCC educational materials on selected analytical and clinical applications of high sensitivity cardiac troponin assays, Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute, Prognostic influence of elevated values of cardiac troponin I in patients with unstable angina, Determination of 19 cardiac troponin I and T assay 99th percentile values from a common presumably healthy population, The diagnostic and prognostic impact of the redefinition of acute myocardial infarction: lessons from the Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE), Requiem for a heavyweight: the demise of creatine kinase-MB, Its time for a change to a troponin standard, Management of acute coronary syndromes in patients presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation, National Academy of Clinical Biochemistry Laboratory Medicine Practice Guidelines: clinical characteristics and utilization of biochemical markers in acute coronary syndromes, Absolute and relative kinetic changes of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T in acute coronary syndrome and in patients with increased troponin in the absence of acute coronary syndrome, Serial changes in highly sensitive troponin I assay and early diagnosis of myocardial infarction, Diagnostic performance of high sensitivity compared with contemporary cardiac troponin I for the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction, Myocardial injury in the era of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin assays: a practical approach for clinicians, What to do when you question cardiac troponin values, Implications of introducing high-sensitivity cardiac troponin T into clinical practice: data from the SWEDEHEART registry, Application of cardiac troponin in cardiovascular diseases other than acute coronary syndromes, Type 2 myocardial infarction: JACC review topic of the week, Clinical use of high-sensitivity cardiac troponin in patients with suspected myocardial infarction, Present and future of cardiac troponin in clinical practice: a paradigm shift to high-sensitivity assays, Influence of population selection on the 99th percentile reference value for cardiac troponin assays, Defining high-sensitivity cardiac troponin concentrations in the community, Sex-specific 99th percentile upper reference limits for high sensitivity cardiac troponin assays derived using a Universal Sample Bank, Validation of the 99th percentile cutoff independent of assay imprecision (CV) for cardiac troponin monitoring for ruling out myocardial infarction, The applied statistical approach highly influences the 99th percentile of cardiac troponin I, The global need to define normality: the 99th percentile value of cardiac troponin, IFCC Task Force on clinical applications of cardiac bio-markers.
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